Euro 3 Engines & Africa’s Truck Market – Why Older Emission Classes Still Dominate in 2025

A technical and market-oriented report on why Euro 3 engines remain dominant in Africa, how Euro 4–6 compare, and which global truck manufacturers lead exports to African markets.

📅 Published on 2025-12-17 | ✍️ Semi Trailer News Technical Desk

Image: African long-haul trucks operating with Euro 3 engines

Africa’s commercial trucking ecosystem functions very differently from Europe, Asia, or North America. While new vehicles in Europe operate under strict Euro 6 emission rules, Africa continues to rely heavily on older, simpler, and more robust Euro 3 engines. In fact, over 70% of working long-haul trucks across East, West, and Central Africa still run on Euro 2–3 platforms.

This report explains why Euro 3 engines remain dominant, how Euro 4–6 compare, and which global truck manufacturers lead the continent’s supply of trucks in 2025.

1️⃣ Why Euro 3 Engines Still Dominate African Markets

Euro 3 engines are uniquely suited for the realities of African operations:

• High tolerance for low-quality diesel with high sulfur content
• No DPF → no clogging risk
• No SCR / AdBlue → no sensor or dosing failures
• Simple ECU logic, fewer electronic components
• Low maintenance cost & easy field repairs
• High durability for dusty, hot, mountainous routes

Modern Euro 5–6 engines require:

• ultra-low sulfur diesel,
• high-grade AdBlue,
• reliable electrical networks,
• advanced diagnostic equipment.

These conditions are not consistently available across Africa, making Euro 3 far more practical.

2️⃣ Technical Differences: Euro 3 vs Euro 4–6

Euro emission classes mainly regulate:

• NOx (nitrogen oxides)
• PM (particulate matter)
• CO & HC emissions

Euro 3 → The African Workhorse

• No DPF
• No SCR
• Simple EGR (sometimes none)
• Tolerates sulfur-rich diesel

Euro 4–5 → Performance but Sensitive

• DPF required
• SCR systems (AdBlue)
• More sensors = more failure risk

Euro 6 → High-tech but High-risk in Africa

• Strict emission controls
• Complex software + advanced ECUs
• Requires excellent diesel quality
• Not suitable for rural Africa

3️⃣ Africa’s Leading Truck Suppliers (2025)

🇩🇪 Mercedes-Benz Actros (Euro 2–3 Stronghold)

Actros MP1–MP3 remains the continent’s most reliable import for long-haul, mining, and tanker fleets.

🇸🇪 Volvo FH/FM (Euro 3–5)

King of East Africa: Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Zambia.

🇸🇪 Scania P/R-series

Strong service network and high torque reliability.

🇨🇳 FAW, Shacman, Sinotruk

New trucks sold in Africa’s domestic markets; Euro 3 options dominate construction & mining.

🇩🇪 MAN TGA/TGS

Popular for tanker and cross-border freight.

4️⃣ Market Outlook for 2025–2028

Euro 3 will remain Africa’s backbone for at least another decade due to:

• fuel quality limitations
• harsh operating conditions
• lower acquisition costs
• repairability in remote regions

Euro 4–6 imports will grow slowly in:

• South Africa
• Namibia
• Egypt
• Morocco

But the wider continent will stay Euro 3-centric.

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